TY  - EJOU
AU  - Ridichie, R. Amalia
AU  - Ledeti, L. Adriana
AU  - Bertici, B. Răzvan
AU  - Ledeți, L. Ionuț
TI  - Understanding the Biological Activity of Endogenous Estrogens: Current Knowledge and Insights
T2  - Journal of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology

PY  - 2025
VL  - 2
IS  - 2
SN  - 3091-0595

AB  - Estrogens represent a class of cholesterol-derived female sex hormones, essential in the regulation of numerous physiological processes. On the basis of their origin, they can be classified into endogenous (synthesized within the body) or exogenous (introduced from external sources) compounds. In humans, four types of endogenous estrogens have been identified, namely estrone, 17-β-estradiol, estriol, and estetrol. Despite their similarities in chemical structures, they have distinct receptor affinities and functional roles at different life stages. This review presents, in addition to an overview of their diverse physiological functions, a discussion of the three estrogen receptors (ERα, ERβ, and GPER1) currently investigated as possible targets in the development of new therapeutic strategies for hormone-dependent breast cancer.
KW  - endogenous estrogen
KW  - estradiol
KW  - estriol
KW  - estrone
KW  - estetrol
DO  - 10.6425/022025jept004